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BSA106 New Hollywood

Image result for Little Fugitive (1953)The Beginnings
During the golden age directors worked for studios, however some French film critics noticed that there were some American directors who were Auteurs such as Alfred Hitchcock.
The first American New Wave started outside of Hollywood, mainly around New York. Little Fugitive (1953) was one of these early films and this later went on to influence French New Wave cinema.

New York New Wave
On The Bowery (1956) was a neo-realist view of New York that was in part documentary, and in part scripted.
Image result for The Connection (1961)
Pull My Daisy (1959) was a short.
Shadows (1959) featured an interracial romance and contained improvised dialogue.
The Connection (1961) was a mixture of French New Wave and cinema verite.  Shirley Clarke, the director, often depicted drug addicts, sex workers and different races mixing together in her films.

New Hollywood
A new generation of young filmmakers emerged during the 1960's and 1970's. Studios lost their rights to own their own theaters and found that they struggled to sell their films to independent exhibitors and the bigger studios found that they were slowly loosing touch with their target markets.
Image result for Georgy GirlIn 1966, some British films found success in America; Alfie, Georgy Girl and Blow Up. The success of these films showed that American audiences were open to watching films that were more explicit and had different narrative structures. The outdated production code for the MPAA was updated in 1966 also, allowing new filmmakers to create anti-authoritative films that were more appealing to a younger audience.

Image result for Bonnie and ClydeBonnie and Clyde (1967)
Bonnie and Clyde was based on a true story that was picked up by a producer who hired Arthur Penn to direct. Warner Brothers funded the film. Jack Warner disliked the rough cut and gave the film a limited release, and the film was given bad reviews.
However, in England the film did quite well and due to this Warner Brothers re-released it and then it became a success and was nominated for Academy Awards. It is notable for it's depiction of sex and violence.
Image result for The Graduate (1967)
 The Graduate (1967)
The director won an Oscar and received multiple nominations for the film. The soundtrack featured songs from Simon and Garfunkel. The film also introduced the world to Dustin Hoffman. The plot line is about a man who just finished college and is unsure of his future. He ends up having an affair with a friend of his parents called Mrs. Robinson.

 Fritz the Cat (1971)
Image result for Fritz the Cat (1971)Cartoons were mostly associated with a children audience. Ralph Bakshi thought that it was time to take animation a bit more seriously. He ended up making the first X-rated American cartoon. Fritz the Cat  lives among characters who experimented with free love, drugs and rock and roll.

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